Osteoporosis
Understanding Bone Weakness, Risk Factors & Prevention Strategies
8 Key Facts About Osteoporosis
1. Osteoporosis Leads to Weakened, Fragile Bones
Osteoporosis is a chronic condition where bones lose their density and become porous and brittle, increasing the risk of fractures even from minor falls or pressure.
2. Fragility Fractures Are Common in the Spine & Hip
Fractures caused by Osteoporosis are known as fragility fractures, most commonly occurring in the spine, hip, and wrist. These injuries significantly affect mobility and independence in older adults.
3. Higher Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Postmenopausal women are at a greater risk due to reduced estrogen levels, which accelerates bone loss. Early detection and prevention are key to minimising complications.
4. Other Risk Factors Include Medications & Lifestyle
Certain medications such as steroids, antiepileptics, and lifestyle habits like smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and prolonged inactivity contribute significantly to bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis.
5. DEXA Scan Is the Gold Standard for Diagnosis
The most accurate diagnostic tool is the DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) scan, which measures bone mineral density. Heel bone scans are only used for preliminary screening and are not diagnostic.
6. Types of Osteoporosis Medications
Treatment is categorised into:
Supplements: Calcium, vitamin D
Antiresorptives: Bisphosphonates like Alendronate, Risedronate, and Zoledronic acid
Anabolic Agents: Teriparatide for severe bone loss and fracture prevention
7. Exercise & Diet Play a Key Role in Bone Health
A balanced, calcium-rich diet combined with weight-bearing and resistance exercises is essential to maintain and improve bone strength at all ages.
8. Bone Health Starts Early in Life
Peak bone mass is built during youth. Ensuring a nutritious diet and an active lifestyle during childhood and adolescence is vital for preventing osteoporosis later in life.
